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Ash Characteristics

Type Hardwood. Other Names American ash, Baltimore ash, and cane ash. sources Grows in United States and Canada. Appearance Generally straight grained with a coarse texture. Pale-brown heartwood and almost white sapwood. Physical Properties Moderately heavy, hard, strong, and tough with moderately high shock resistance, good dimensional stability and is quite elastic. Working Properties Machines fairly well with machine tools although turning and mortising properties are marginal. Stains and finishes well. Uses furniture, cooperage, baseball bats, boat oars, ladders, chairs, food containers, tool handles, plywood.

Maple Traits

Type hardwood. Other Names hard maple, rock maple, sweet maple, and black maple. Sources Grows throughout eastern North America. Appearance Straight, close grain with a fine, uniform texture. Nearly white sapwood, sometimes with a reddish tinge and light tannish heartwood. Physical Properties Heavy, hard, strong, and stiff with moderate shock resistance. Working Properties Machines well, especially for turning, but is susceptible to burning and irregular grain can cause chip-out. Glues well and finishes very smoothly. Uses furniture, cabinetry, interior joinery, floors, school desks, ladder rungs, countertops, cutting boards, sports goods (Baseball bats), paneling, and decorative veneer.

Elm Properties

Type Hardwood. Other Names hard elm, cork elm and hickory elm. Sources Grows in eastern half of United States and southern Canada. Appearance Straight or interlocked grain with a coarse texture. Light brown to brown heartwood, usually with a reddish tinge, and light brown to brown sapwood. Physical Props Heavy, hard, tough, difficult to split, wear and shock resistant. Working Props Works with some difficulty - hardness tends to dull cutting edges. Finishes reasonably well. Uses similar to those of American and slippery elm but it is better suited to applications requiring hardness and greater strength. This includes farm vehicles, machinery parts, skids, cooperage, wheels and millwork.

Beechwood

Type hardwood. Other Names red beech, white beech, stone beech, and winter beech. Sources Grows in Canada and United States. Appearance Straight or sometimes interlocked grain with a fine, even texture. Dark to light reddish brown heartwood and very thin, nearly white sapwood. Physical Properties Hard, heavy, strong, stiff and shock resistant. Poor dimensional stability Working Properties Machines well but can be difficult to work by hand. Tends to split Finishes well. Uses ideal for food containers, baskets, utensils, and bread/butcher boards. Also used for Baseball bats, chairs, handles, flooring, clothes pins, workbench tops, tool handles.